Valve system and control therefor



Sept. 10, 1946. L. a. DANIELS VALVE SYSTEM Aim CONTROL THEREFOR 10 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed May 17, 1943 5 u a m 3 0 J 1 Z a 5 my a r 5 7 a 3 O. H 6 Al o w E v 8 iii Sept. 10, 1946. L. e. DANIELS I VALVE SYSTEM AND CONTROL THEREFOR Filed May 17, 1945 10 Sheet-Sheet 2,

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VALVE SYSTEM AND CONTROL THEREFOR Fild May 17, 1943 1 Sheets-Sheet 3 9 PRES 7 To DRAIN Se t 10, 1946. DANIELS I VALVE sYsTEM AND CONTROL THEREFOR Filed May 17, 1943 1.0 Sheets-Sheet 4 ///1 [EH1 I i/ V 1 v 3 j 0 r M p 1946- L. G. DANIELS VALVE SYSTEM AND CONTROL THEREFOR Filed May 1'7, 1943 HARD SERVICE au I E .W. Z 717! c VV 2 -5 TN 5 m M 0 MB n c a 7 Sept. 10, 1946.

L. G. DANIELS YALVE SYSTEM AND CONTROL THEREFOR Filed May 1'7, 1943 ,9. 14'

10 Sheets-Sheet 6 SERVICE Sept. 10, 1946. 1'... s. DANIELS 'VALVE SYSTEM AND CONTROL THEREFOR Filed May 17, 1943 10 Sheets-Sheet 7 P/LOT VALVE 0 w H 2gp.

5 a 6 a h B H P 1946- G. DANIELS VALVE SYSTEM AND CONTROL THEREFOR Fild May 17, 1945 10 Sheets-Sheet 8 Sept. 10,19.46.- 1.. s. DANIELS 2,407,539

VALVE SYSTEMAND CONTROL THEREFOR Fil d may 17, 19 43 10' Sheets-Sheet 9 v p 6- L. G. DANIELS VALVE SYSTEM AND CONTROL THEREFOR Filed. May 17, 1943 10 Sheets-Sheet 10 :I' -SALT STORAGIE I I TANK II I SALT STORAGE TAN/f Patented Sept. 10, 1946 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE VALVE SYSTEM AND CONTROL THEREFOR,

Lee G; Daniels, Rockford, Ill.

Application May'17, 1943', Serial No. 487,239

24 Claims.

This invention relates to valve systems and automatic. controls for water treatment apparatus, water softener and the like, such, for example, as that commonly used for the purpose of softening water and for other analogous purposes; andhas special. reference to: improved apparatus for automatically controlling the operation thereof and a. manual control adapted to be usedin. the event the electric current should o ofi? or. for other reasons" when the water. treating apparatus is: being regenerated.

Among the: objects of: thev invention. are. the provision: of a valve system for water treatment apparatus having an improved system of valves for controlling the flow through the apparatus, improved means for controlling? the operation of the: apparatus from a water meter; and a valve structure having characteristics adapting the same for cooperation in the novel control system.

A further object of" the invention is theprovision of an improved control d'eviceand an. improved actuator therefor.

Other objects and advantages-will appear from the following description and, the: accompanying drawings; in which Figure 1 is a sideelevational' view of a water softener embodying my invention;

Fig. 2 isawiring diagram thereof;

Fig. 3 is-a front elevation of the-control cabinet showing the parts in service position" oi the softener;-

Figs; 4, and 6* are fragmentary sections'on the lines 4-4, 5-5, and 66' of Fig; 3 showing the position of the cams on the control disk;

Fig. '77 is an elevational view of the rear of the control cabinet, certain portions bein in section;

Fig. 8 is a section substantially on the line 8 8 of Fig; 7;

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary section on the line 9'9 ofFig; 8', parts thereof being in elevation;

Fig; 10 is a sectional view substantially on the line' I0l 0 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 11' is a face elevational View of the; pilot rotor showni'n Fig, l0

Fig. 121s. a sectional View substantially on the line l-2.l2. of Fig-3;

Fig. 16' is a face elevational view of the rotor shown-in Fig. 12;

Figs. 14 through 18', inclusive, are face Views of the rotors shown in Figs. 11- and. 13. arranged according to: their relative: positionscorresponding to each valve positionof the. softener;

19 is: a section showingthe. construction 55.

of the hydraulic valves of the softener other than the brine valve;

Fig. 20 is a section showing the construction ofthebrine valve; v

Fig. 21 is a side elevational. view of the: brine control mechanism;

Fig. 22 is a section on the line 22-22 of Fig, 21;

Fig. 23 is: a view on the line 23-23 of Fig, 22;

Fig. 24 is an elevational View of a modified form of control actuator;

Fig. 25 is an elevational' view of a still further modification of the control actuator;

Fig; 26 is a Wiring diagram of a softener employing, the control shown in Fig. 24, and

Figs; 27 and 28 are views showing controls. for alternate forms of, brine systems.

The invention is herein shown as embodied in a zeolite or base-exchange water softener, but it? will. be understood that it is; equally applicable to devices having other'types of water treatment materials: requiring similar or analogous regeneration: treatment and which act to-change properties of the liquid in addition to or instead oi the hardness thereof, such for example, as the carbonaceous minerals and the like 'now commonly known in thezart.

This is a continuation in part of my copending application Serial: No; 406,188, filed August 9, 1941:, entitled Automatic water treating dev1ce'.

Referring first to Figure 1', for purposes of illustration the letter A designates a softener or a: water treating tank and the letter B a brine or a reagent tank as: used in the conventional type of zeolite water softener, the softener tank in conformity with the usual practice containing a bed of base-exchange material for conditioning the water passing therethrough, and the brine tank being adapted to contain brine in the-usual manner, utilized for the purpose of regenerating the base-exchange material. In thisinstance the hard or raw water enters the system through a pipe conduit 3! and leaves the. system through a service. pipe conduit 3:2. The pipe conduit 3| is connectedinear the center of a Vertically disposed conduit) or piping 33. which enters the bottom of the softener'tank as shown at 34 and the top of the softener tankv as shown at 35. Interposed in the vertical conduit or piping 33 on opposite sides of the conduit 3| are hydraulic valves 36 and 31 which may have a structure such as shown in Fig. 1-9 and adapted to control the flow of. incoming water to the top and to the bottom of the softener, the valve 36 being hereinafter referred to as the backwashvalve by reasonv of its allowing water to enter the bottom of the softener tank for the purpose of backwashing, and the valve 3'! being known as the top valve by reason of its controlling the iiow of the raw water to the top of the tank. A valve 38 is disposed in the conduit 32 which braches off the vertical conduit 33 between the backwash valve and the lower end of the softener, this valve being known as the service valve because it controls the flow of water from the tank to service. Conduits 39 and 4| lead from the vertical conduit 33, the conduit 39 leading therefrom between the top valve and the upper end of the tank, and the conduit 4| leading therefrom between the backwash valve and the bottom of the tank, these conduits having Valves 42 and 43, respectively, hereinafter called the upper drain valve and the lower drain valve. The conduits 39 and 4| merge into a single conduit 44 intermediate the upper and lower drain or waste valves so as to provide a single conduit to drain or waste. The raw water conduit 3| has a meter 45 disposed therein, and between the meter and the vertical conduit 33, a conduit 46 branches therefrom within which is disposed an injector valve 41. The conduit 46 terminates in a pipe fitting 48 in the form of a cross within which is disposed an injector which discharges through a conduit 49 into the vertical conduit 33 above the top valve 31. Also connected to the fitting 48 is a conduit 5| connected to the bottom of the brine tank B and within which a brine valve 52 is disposed, the brine valve 52 conveniently having the structure shown in Fig. 20.

' Connected into the conduit 5| is a conduit 53, the

opposite end of which is, in this instance, connected into the raw water conduit 3| as indicated at 54, the conduit 53 having a valve 55 hereinafter referred to as the fast wash valve, this valve serving in the rinse step of regeneration to supply a, flow of water through the conduit 5| to the fitting 48. Whereas the conduit 53 is herein shown as connected into conduit 5|, it may instead be connected into conduit 33 above the valve 31 or may be connected directly into tank A above the mineral bed. In order to supply water to the service conduit 32 during the interval in which the softener is being regenerated, a conduit 53 is provided interconnecting the raw water conduit 3| and the service conduit 32 and having a hard service valve 5'! for controlling the fiow therethrough. A conduit 58 is connected into the conduit 53 between the valve 55 and the junction of this conduit with the conduit 5| and terminates at the top of the brine tank as shown in Figure 1, the conduit 58 having a valve 59 hereinafter referred to as the brine refill valve and serving to control the flow of water to the brine tank for the purpose of refilling the same after regeneration. The conduit 58 also has a flow regulating valve Bl adapted to be manually set to control the rate of flow through the conduit 58.

The valves 33, 31, 3B, 42, 43, 41, 55, 51 and 59 areall of the general structure shown in Fig. 19, the valves being actuated by hydraulic means, the details of which will presently be described. These valves together with the brine valve 52 serve to control the flow through the softener during the service and regeneration steps. These valves are pressure operated and other mediums besides water could be used to operate them, and they could also be operated by electric or other power means with the control arranged for electrically operated valves or other types of power operated valves. Thus when the requisite amount oi water 4 has passed through the softener tank, the meter and control mechanism presently to be described functions to reposition the valves to cause backwashing of the softener. During the service operation, the top valve 37 and the service valve 38 are open and the remainder of the valves are closed and water flows from the conduit 3| through the valve 31 into the top of the tank, thence through the tank and out through the bottom connection 34, through the service valve 33 and to service through the conduit 32. When the backwash is started the service valve 38 is closed, the backwash valve 36 and the upper drain valve 42 are opened so that raw water flows from the conduit 3| through the conduit 33 and the backwash valve 36 into the bottom of the tank emerging from the tank at 35 into the conduit 33 and thence passing through the conduit 39 and the upper drain valve 42 into the drain conduit 44, the remainder of the valves being closed except the hard service valve 51 which is simultaneously opened to allow water to flow from the raw water conduit 3| into the service line 32 to provide water to the service line during the regeneration interval. At the conclusion of the backwash step of the regeneration cycle the control mechanism, indicated generally by numeral 62, operates to introduced brine into the top of the softener tank, the hard service valve 51 remaining open but the injection valve 41, the lower drain valve 43 and the brine valve 52 opening so that raw Water passes from the conduit 3| through the injection valve 41 into the fitting 48 and through the injector contained therein and the conduit 49 into the upper end of conduit 33 and thence to the top of the softener tank, emerging at 34 and passing into the lower end of conduit 33 through the conduit 4| and the lower drain valve 43 into the drain line 44. During this step of the regeneration, the fast wash valve 55, the brine refill valve 59, the top valve 31, the bottom valve 35, the service valve 38 and the upper drain valve 42 are closed. This movement of the water through the injector causes brine to be drawn through the conduit 5! and the brine valve 52 into the fitting 48 from which it passes into the top of the softener admixed with the water from the conduit 46. When the level of the brine in the brine tank B drops to a predetermined level as determined by a float 63 presently to be more fully described, the control mechanism operates to reposition the valves for the rinsing out of the brine from the softener tank. In this operation all of the valves except the brine valve 52 retain their previous position, but the brine valve is closed to prevent further flow of brine from the tank to the injector in the fitting 48. Raw water thus continues to flow to drain through the path heretofore described until a suificient amount of rinse water has passed through the softener to accomplish a major part of the rinse operation. Ihereupon the control mechanism acts to open the valves 55 and 59 allowing water to flow from the raw water conduit 3| through the conduit 53 and into the conduit 5| through which it flows to the fitting 48 augmenting the supply of rinse water which is coincidentally flowing therethrough through the injector valve 41. Opening of the brine refill valve 53 allows water to flow through conduit 58 into the brine tank B to refill the same, the rate of flow being determined by the setting of the valve 6|. When the brine tank has been refilled to its previous level the float 63 operates to actuate the control mechanism whereby the valves onaco are all returned tolthe service position. first above described to complete the regeneration cycleof the softener.

The valve.- shown, in 1 9 is of: a: construction well known, the art, .and per. se. forms.- no part of the; present invention, this. valve. is hydraulically operated and comprises a. body portion 64 having, an; inlet chamber. 65 and. an; out let chamber 66 separated by av partition 61 having, a, port; surroundedbya. seat 68. The body portion hast: a cap 69 and adiaphragm. II dis.- posed between the body and the cap, the cap being shaped; to provide a. chamber 12. into which hydraulic pressure: may be applied through. a tube or conduit 13' connecting with tubes. from the; pilots as. will presently be described. The diaphragm, II; carries. avalve. disk. 14 adapted; to register with, the seat 68:, the valve disk and diaphragm having a. stem: 15 adapted to guide the valve disk in its: opening and closing movements. It will be seen, that. this arrangement is such that when the: hydraulic. pres-sure. is absent. in the chamber 1.2, pressure of the fluid in the. inlet chamber 65.- causes the. valve to open, whereas the application ofpressure in the. chamber, I2 through the conduit. 'I3- moves the valve. disk to close the valve. I

The various valves of the system are controlledfrom. the control unit 62 shown morein detail in Figs. 3 through 13 which in this instance is mountedand carried on themeter 45. The control. mechanism is in this instance housed in a cabinet. indicated. generally by the numeral I6 which. in. this instance includes a glass front. panel. 11 (Fig. 8.). retained, in position by guides I8 which; permit the. panel to be removed foraccess to. the-enclosed mechanism. Various phases of. the. operation are controlled from the meter 45. which. has. mounted thereon a so-called meter clock having an. enclosing case, 1.0. and reduction gearing disposed therein. The meter. has. the conventionaldriying, stem 7.9 which drives an up standing shaft 8.I rojecting. into the, meter clock casing. (Fig- 3); through primary changeable. gears 82,, the stem. 81 serving to. drive the. gearing of the. meter clock. This reduction. gearing. will vary somewhat. dependent upon the amount of. gear reduction necessary for the particular installation, andlin. this instance comprises a bevel gear 83a, fixed on the. shaft 8| anda bevel; gear 83b fixed On a shaft 830. Aspur gear 84 is also fixed on the shaft 830 and meshes with a gear 85 .on a shaft 85a. A spur gear 85b is also fixed on the. shaft 85a and is, in mesh with a gear 86 on a shaft 86a: The shaft 39 is driven from the shaft 8611 by a pair of secondary" changeable respect to the. gear. 88 by relative movement, in the clutch. elements 9-2 and 93. A plurality of switch operators or earns, 96, 97, 9,8, 99' and I0I aredisposed: in spaced relation along the periphcry of the disk 95, and located against the ledge 95c and the offset cams 96 and 91 being in different planes than the flat face earns 88, 99' and IOI as shown in. Figs. 4-, 5 and 6. Disposed adjacent the periphery of the disk and attached. to the enclosure-are switches I62, I93 and I04, each of these switches having enclosed operating switch. mechanism enclosing a spring that is compressed. to a closed position and when re.- leased is spring pressed. to' an open position; and ar lea-f actuating spring. such as: shown at I05 adapted whendepressed toclose the switch. the switch being self opening uponrelease of, the. actuating spring. The switch IE2 is located in a plane such, that. the leaf spring I05 is engaged and operated by the operators 98, 99' and I01, the switch I03. ispositioned so that the spring actuatop will be engaged by the operator 9'! and. the switch L54 is positioned so that the leaf spring thereof. will be actuated by the operator 96, as will-be seen from Figs. l, 5 and 6. The-switches I82, I03 and, PM are of the so-called snap-actin precision type such as those: manufactured and sold by'Micro Switch Corporation, Freeport, Illinoi-s,and being characterized bybeing operable by very small pressure and with a small move ment differential. These switches each have a spring contact arm arranged to beconnected at one end to an electrical conductor, and a. stationary contact. arranged for a connection to the opposite conductor. The contacts are closed when the. spring arm is compressed to a closed position and when released; said arm. is spring pressed to: an open position in which the contacts are open These switchesare. arranged in a circuit as showninFig. 2. in. which the numeral. H0 indigears 81 and 88, the gear 81 being fixed on' the:

shaft 86a and the gear 88 being carriedon the shaft 89'. The shaft 89 has bearing support in a frame 91 (Fig. 8) attached to the top-and the side of the meter clock'case' Ill. The change gear 88 serves to drive the shaft 89 througha friction clutch comprising a friction disk 92 of leather or the like and a metal plate 93, theplate 93' being; attached to the shaft 89 and the dislc 92 being attached to the gear 88, the gear'otherwise' being free to turnonv the shaft 89 as to: provide a slip connection. The friction elements. are held in frictional engagement by a spring 94 disposed.

cates a. solenoidv actuated valve presently to be described morein detail, and the numeral I06 indicates a brine level control suchv as shown more in. detail in Figs. 21 through 23, the numerals It]. and I E18 identifying Micro switches of the type heretofore described; Thus rotation of the disk 95 serves to close the switches I52, I63 and it'd inapresclected sequenceto energize the solenoid valve Ho which in turn operates the, control mechanism for the various valves.

The solenoid valve; II-G is in this instance 10.- cated-with'inthe control enclosure as best shown in. Fig. and forms. one,- element of a control operator which also includes a hydraulic actuator I159 best shown in Fig. 8. Water under. pressure for the operation of the control mechanism enters the enclosure by way of a conduit III and passes into. a four-way fitting I I2. The solenoid valye I Ulis connected to the fitting: and controlsv communication, through the valve seat, the valve plunger having aresilient gasket I22 adapted to engage'the seat. The valve plunger is adapted for longitudinal movement inv a cylinder I23 and has channels: I24 and I-2.5:-for communication between the top of the piston and the inlet side of the valve body. It also has a central channel I26 for communication between the outlet side of the valve body and the top of the plunger, The outlet passage I26 is larger than the inlet passage I25. The solenoid indicated generally by the numeral I21 has an armature provided with a needle I28 adapted to seat across the upper end of the channel I26 to close communication therethrough, thus forming a needle valve. When the solenoid I21 is deenergized the armature and needle I28 move downward sealing communication through the channel I26, and simultaneously pressure water flows through the channels I24 and I25 to the upper end of the plunger and with the action of the spring I30 forces the valve to close. On the other hand, when the solenoid is energized, the needle I28 moves upwardly into the position shown in Fig. '1, reducing the pressure on top of the plunger and the pressure of the water on the inlet side of the valve forces the plunger upwardly to unseat the valve. The solenoid I21 is energized in response to operation of the switches, as will be apparent from Fig. 2, and when thus energized the parts of the valve are brought into the position shown in Fig. 7 to open the valve and permit the flow of pressure water into the pipe II3 and through the tube II4 into the actuator I09 (Fig. 8). Upon the deenergization of the circuit and of the solenoid I21, the valve I I is caused to close and fluid is allowed to drain out of the actuator through the bleeder orifice II1 into the drain,

The actuator I09 comprises a body I3I and a cover I32 disposed thereagainst and attached thereto by screws I33, a resilient diaphragm I34 being disposed between the body and the cover and forming one wall of a chamber I35 between the body and the cover. Attached to the diaphragm I34 is a stem I36, the stem being affixed to the diaphragm through fastening blocks I31 to effect a seal therebetween, and the stem having an end disposed in a guide I38 in the cover. The stem extends through a bearing and guide I39 in the body and has a forked lever I4I pivotally attached thereto intermediate the ends of the lever. One end of the lever is pivotally attached to a link I42 which is in turn pivotally attached to a locating and adjusting screw I43 anchored on the actuator body as indicated at I44. The opposite or upper end of the lever has two arms I45 and I46, and a coiled tension spring I41 is attached at one end to the upper end of the arm I45, the opposite end of the tension spring being connected to a stationary part of the control mechanism, in this instance a bracket I00, attached to the frame 9|. The spring is tensioned so that in the absence of pressure in the chamber I35 and against the diaphragm, the spring draws the upper end of the lever I4! to the right facing Fig. 8 until an adjustable stop screw I43 bears against a stop I49 on the actuator body. In this instance the actuator is secured to the housing or enclosure by a support II and a rod I52, the latter being secured to the bracket I00 a will be apparent from Fig. 8. Thus when the solenoid I21 is energized, pressure water flows through the pipe H3 and the tube II4 into the chamber I35 moving the diaphragm into the position shown in Fig. 8 simultaneously rotating the lever I4I to the position shown in this figure against the tension of the spring I41. A small part of this pressure water will also flow through the bleeder orifice II1, but this is insuflicient to materially reduce the pressure in the system. However, when the solenoid is deenergized and the valve IIO closes, the bleeder orifice I I1 permits water to flow slowly out of the chamber I35 through the tube I I4 during which time the spring I41 acts to return the lever and the diaphragm to its previous position. This movement of the diaphragm and of the lever I4I serves to operate a ratchet mechanism, which in turn acts to rotate the shafts of a pair of rotary pilot valves or pilot means or control means, which in turn control the operating positions of the various valves of the softener.

Positioned on the frame bracket I00 are upwardly disposed arms I43 and I54 within which a rotary pilot shaft I55 is journaled. Rotatably positioned on the pilot shaft I55 is a ratchet means or arm I56 having a spring-pressed pawl I51 adapted to bear against the periphery of a ratchet disk or gear I58, the ratchet arm being supported on the shaft I55 and having the lower end of the arm pivotally connected to a rod I59 pivotally connecting the upper end of the arm 946 of lever I4I, as will appear from Fig. 8, The ratchet disk or gear I 58 has a plurality of notches as shown at I6! adapted for engagement by the pawl I51, and the disk is fixedly supported on the pilot shaft I55. It will therefore be seen that as the lever I4! moves toward the right facing Fig. 8, the ratchet lever will be rotated back in a counter-clockwise direction a sufficient distance for he pawl to engage the next notch of the ratchet disk, and when the lever moves toward the left upon the introduction of fluid into the chamber 635, the ratchet lever moves forward in a clockwise direction carrying with it the ratchet disk and the pilot shaft, thus indexing the pilot shaft through a predetermined angularity, in this instance, one-fifth of a revolution. In order to locate the pilot disk and prevent its being rotated through friction of the parts, a spring-pressed latch or locating pin I62 is positioned on the arm I54 adapted to engage in recesses I63 suitably located on the ratchet disk as best shown in Fig. 9 to locate and releasably hold the disk and the pilot shaft in the required angular positions. Attached to opposite ends of the pilot shaft I55 are yokes I64 and I65 having pins I66 and I61 passing through stems I 68 and I69 of pilot valves designated generally by the numerals HI and I12. These pilot valves are supported on arms I13 and I14 of the bracket I00 and are of the general form best shown in Fig. 9.

Pilot valves The pilot valves are identical except for the port arrangement, the valve I1I being shown in Figs. 9, 10 and 11 and the valve 112 being shown in Figs. 12 and 13. Each of the pilots comprises two body members I15 and I16 having a gasket I11 interposed therebetween, the body members being suitably secured together as by means of screws to provide a fluid-tight seal. The body member I15 has a chamber I18 and an opening for the stem, as for example the stem I68 of Fig. 9. the stem having an enlargement as shown at I19 adapted to bear against the inner side of the chamber. This enlargement carries pins I8I engaging a ported pilot rotor I82 which seats against a stator I83 fixed against the face of the body member I16. Thus upon rotation of the stems I68 and I59 the pins I8! cause rotation of the rotors I82 to change communication with ports in the stators I83 and thus control the flow through the pilots. The port arrangement of the pilot MI is shown in Figs. 9 through 11 in which the body member I15 has a channel I84 leading to the chamber I18 and communicating through a tube 1 85 to a source of pressure fluid to supply pressure fluid to the top of the pilot disk I82. The body member I Hi has a channel I86 communicating with a central port I81 of the stator I83 and connected to a tube I88 leading to a drain, a channel I89 communicating with a port I91 and connected to a tube I 92 leading to a source of pressure fluid, a channel I93 communieating with a port ='I 94 in the stator and connected tofa tube I95 leading to the pressure chambers of injector valve 4-1 and lower drain valve 43 (Figure '1) and a channel I '96 communicating with a port I91 of the stator and connected to a tube I98 leading to the pressure chamber of the hard service valve '51. The pilot rotor I82 of pilot I-TI is shown in Fig. 11 (which shows the contacting face of the rotor) and has a central port I99 communicating through a cross channel 20] with a port 202, the ports I99 and 202 extending only partway through the disk suflicient to intersect the cross channel 201-. The disk also has radial ports 203 and 204 extending partway through the disk connected by a cross channel 205 and has a port 206 extending completely through the disk. The ports 202, 203, 204 and 206 are located on the same radius so as to register with the ports I'9l, 1-94 and 19'! in the st atOr H53 in various positions of the pilot, as will be later described.

The port arrangement of the pilot I12 is shown in Figs. 12 and 13 and has a tube 201 connected to a source of pressure fluid which communicates with the chamber I78 of pilot I II through a channel 208 in the body member I15 thereof. The body member I76 has a channel 209 communicating with a ort 2 of the stator I83 and connected by a tube 2i'2 to the pressure chamber of both the backwash valve 36 and the upper drain Valve 42; a channel 2I3 communicating With a port 2I4 of the plate and connected-by atube M to the brine valve 52 presently to be more fully described; a channel 2I6 communicating with the central port 2i 1 of the stator and to a drainthrough tube :2I8; a channel 2I0communicating with a port 2 2i of the stator and connected by a tube 222- to the pressure chamber of the fast wash valve55 and the brine refill valve 59; and a channel 223 communicating with a port 224 of the stator and connected by a tube 225 to the pressure chamberof the service valve 38 and of the top valve 31. The rotor of the pilot valve I12 shown in Fig. 13 which will hereinafter be referred to by the number 226 has a central port 221 and a radially disposed port 220 connected by a channel 229, the ports passing only partway through the disk to provide a flow from the port 229 through the channel and the port 227. The disk also has ports 23I to 234 disposed radially around thecentral port 221 at a uniform radius with respect thereto to establish communication with the ports 2i I., 2I'4, 22I and 224 of the stator as the pilot rotor is driven, as heretofore described.

The pilot rotors I82 and 226 being driven directly from the pilot shaft I55 move together between their various positions, and these positions corresponding to the different operated positions of the main valves are diagrammatically shown in Figs. 14 through 18, in which the shaded ports represent open ports extending completely through the rotor and registering with ports in the stator of the pilots. Thus Fig. 14 'shows'the positions of the pilot rotors and the flow of pressure liquid therethrough in the service position of the main valves. Thus in this position of the 10 valve the port 20 3 of the rotor I8 2 is in register with the port I'9I -of the stator-I83 and port 204 of the rotor is in registration With port I 94 so that pressure liquid flows from the pipe I 92 to the'pipe I95 maintainingrpressure in the chamber of main valves 4! and 4-3 holding these valves closed. Likewise the port 206 -'of the disk is in registration with port =19! of the plate so that pressure fluid flows from the chamber of the pilot into the tube I 98 maintaining pressure in the chamber of hard service valve '5'! to maintain this valve closed. Th port 202 is out of registration with any port in the stator and consequently no how occurs to drain. on the other hand, the ports 2'28, 23 I, 233 and 234' ofthe rotor 226 are in registration with ports 224, 22], 2'44 and '21 I-, respectively, of the Stator in pilot I1 2 while port 232 Of the rotor is out of registration with any port in the stator. This permits pressure liquid to flow to drain from the pressure chamber of the service valve 38 and the top valve 31, permitting these valves to be open, "and pressure fluid flows from the chamber of the pilot through the registering ports through tube 222 to the pressure chamber of the fast wash valve 55 and the brine refill valve 59, through the tube 2I5 to the 'pressurechamber of the brine valve and through tube 2 I 2 to the pressure chamber of the backwash valve 35 and the upper drain Valve 42 maintaining these valves closed. Thus in this position of the pilots all of the valves of the softener are closed except the top valve '31 and the service valve 38 so that raw water entering through the pipe -3I :flow's through the top valve 31 into the top of the tank A and out through the bottom of the tank A through 'pipe 33, service valve 38 "and pipe 32 to deliver soft water to service.

Operation As water flows to service the meter 45 operates to rotate the meter disk 95 in a clockwise direction facing Fig. 3. the disk being shown in this figure in the position occupied thereby directly at the start of the service run, the disk continuing to rotate until the finger IOI engages the spring leaf I05 of switch I02 to close the switch and start the regeneration cycle. The primary changeable gears and the seconclaiis changeable gears 81 and 88 are so selected as to cause-a, predetermined number of gallons of Water to bring about this movement of the meter disk, the number of gallons being made to correspond to the capacity of the softener or slightly under the capacity so that the disk will have completed its movement toward the switch I02 when a gallonage of water slightly less than that required to exhaust the mineral in the softener has passed therethrough. In this instance the structure is such that the gears 82, 8! and 08 may be easily changed to gears of a different ratio to adapt the control mechanism to different sizes of softeners and for waters of different hardness. It will be seen from Fig. 2 that when the switch I02 is closed a circuit will be closed between the leads 236 of the power supply and the solenoid I 21 by way of the switch I02, conductors 231 and 238, contact 239 of switch I03, conductor 24!, contact 242 of switch I04, conductor 243 and conductor 244, it being understood that the wiring diagram of Fig. 2 shows the position of the switches immediately after the completion of the regeneration cycle, and that switch I04 is moved to close circuit to contact 242 during the initial part of the service-run. Completion of the circuit to the solenoid I21 opens the valve H as shown in Fig. 7, moving the diaphragm of the actuator to the position shown in Fig. 8, which in turn moves the lever IM to rotate the ratchet mechanism to the position shown in Fig. 8 and causing the shaft I55 to rotate to move the pilot rotors to the position shown in Fig. 15.

In this position of the rotor I82 the port 202 of the rotor comes into registration with the port I 91 of the stator relieving pressure from the pressure chamber of the hard service valve 51 through tube I98 allowing this valve to open and by-pass hard water into the service line 32 to provide water to service during the regeneration cycle. Also port 209 of the rotor comes into registration with port I94 admitting pressure to the pressure chambers of the injector valve 41 and the lower drain valve 43 to maintain these valves closed. Likewise the pilot rotor 225 is moved to bring the port 23I into registration with the port 224 of pilot I12 to apply pressure through the tube 225 to the chambers of the service valve 38 and top valve 31 to close these valves; port 232 is brought into registration withport 22I to maintain pressure in the chambers of the fast wash valve 55 and the brine refill valve 59 to maintain these valves closed; port 234 is brought into registration with port 214 to maintain pressure in the chamber of the brine valve 52 and maintain this valve closed, and port 228 is brought into registration with port 2II to relieve pressure in the chambers of backwash valve 39 and in the chamber of upper drain valve 42 to permit these valves to open, whereupon raw water flows through the backwash valve 36 and the pipe 33 to the bottom 0f tank A and out of the top of the tank through the upper drain valve 42 to the drain line 44 to effectuate backwashing of the softener. 1

As water flows through the meter to effectuate the backwashing, the meter disk 95 continues to rotate, and as the finger IOI moves off the leaf I of the switch I02, this switch opens, deenergizing the solenoid I21 and permitting the valve III] to close. Thereupon water flows out of the actuator chamber I35 and the diaphragm returns to its initial position under the action of the spring- I41, the water bleeding out through the bleeder orifice II'I. This repositions the ratchet arm I56 for a subsequent operation bringing the latch I51 into the next succeeding notch of the ratchet disk I58 (Fig. 8).

As water flows to the tank during the backwash step the meter disk 95 continues to turn and to close the backwash step, the cam 99 engages the lever I05 of switch I02 to operate the switch thereby again completing the circuit to the solenoid I21 opening the valve H0 and causing the actuator to rotate the pilot shaft I55 to the next succeeding position bringing the pilot rotors to the position shown in Fig. 16 in which reagent is introduced into the tank A. At or shortly after the cam 99 closes the switch I02, the cam 91 engages the switch I 03 to actuate the same so as to move the contacts thereof from contact 239 to a contact 239a (see Fig. 2), the cam 91 acting to hold the switch I03 in this position until after introduction of reagent into the port I9I, but since both ports communicate with a fluid pressure supply line, no functional result follows. In this position of pilot rotor 226, port 228 is in communication with port 2I 4 of the stator of pilot I12 relieving pressure from the pressure chamber of brine valve 52 and allowing this valve to open. Ports 23I, 232 and 233 are in registration with ports 2I I, 224 and 22I applying pressure in the pressure chambers of backwash valve 38 and upper 'drain valve 42 through tube 2I2, to the service valve 38 and the top valve 31 through pipe 225 and to fast wash valve 55 and brine refill valve 59 through pipe 222, thus keeping these valves in the closed position. Water then flows from the supply pipe 3I through injector valve 41 and into the injector 4B and thence into the top of the tank A, causing brine or regenerating solution to be drawn from the tank 13 through brine valve 52 and pipe 5| into the pipe 49 and thence passed to the top of the tank A, fluid flowing out of the tank through the pipe 33, the lower drain valve 43 and the drain pipe 44.

When the level of the reagent in the tank 13 reaches a preselected lo-wer point as determined by a liquid level control shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 21 through 23, and presently to be more fully described, th low level switch I08 is closed thereby completing a circuit to the solenoid I21 by way of conductors 245 and 246a, switch I08, switch contact 239a, conductor 24I, switch contact 242,

tank A has been completed. In this position of the pilot rotors the port 202 of rotor I82 comes into registration with port I94 of the stator of pilot I1I allowing water to flow from the pressure chamber of injector valve 41 and from the pressure chamber of lower drain valve 43, permitting these two valves to open. Simultaneously the port 208 comes into communication with and conductors 243 and 244, causing operation of the valve H0 and the actuator I09 to move the pilot rotors to the next succeeding position shown in Fig. 17 and called the slow wash position.

In this position of the pilot rotor I82 the port 292 i in communication with the port I9I of the stator, but since this connects the pressure tube I92 to drain, no functional result is produced. In this position of the pilot rotor 226 the ports 23 I, 232, 233 and 234 register respectively with the various ports of the stator of .pilot I12 to apply pressure through the tubes 2I5, 2I2, 225 and 222 to the pressure chambers of the brine valve 52, the backwash valve 38, the upper drain valve 42, the service valve 38, the top valve 31, the fast wash valve 55 and the brine refill valve 59, the injector valve 91 remaining in the open. position upon rotation of the pilot rotor I82 to the position of Fig. 17. Thus the effective operation of this movement of the pilots is to close the brine valve 52.

The flow of water through the meter and through the tank A in the brining step and the flow after the brine Valve is closed causes continued rotation of the meter disk 95, and when the :cam 93 of the disk closes switch I02 the valve III} is opened and the actuator I09 operates to move the pilot disks to the next position shown in Fig. 18 initiating the fast wash step of the regeneration cycle. It will be seen that prior to this point in the movement of the meter disk 95 the cam 91 will have passed off the switch I03 to shift the switch back to the position shown in Fig. 2, which may be called the normal unactuated position of the switch. This closing of the switch I02 completes the circuit to solenoid I21 through the previously described circuit. In this position of the pilot rotor I82 no new communication is established and consequently the injector valve 41, the lower drain valve 43, and the hard service valve 51 remain open. On the other hand, in this position of the pilot disk 226 the port 228 comes into registration with the port 22I of pilot I12 relieving the pressure in the pressure chamber of fast wash'valv 55 and brine refill 2II and 224 maintaining pressure through tubes 2 I 5, 2 I2 and 225 in the pressure chambers of brine valve 52, backwash valve 36, upper drain valve 42, service valve 38 and top valve 31 so that raw water flows through the injector valve 41 and injector 48 to the top of the softener and raw water also flows through the fast wash valve 55, pipe 53, pipe 5I and the injector tube of injector 48 to. the top of the softener, giving an accelerated volume of rinse water to the top of the softener, water flowing out of the bottom through the pipe 33, the lower drain valve 43 and the drain pipe 44. Simultaneously water flows from the pipe 53 through the brine refill valve 59 and pipe 58 to the brine tank causing the level of the liquid in th brine tank to rise. During this flow of water the meter continues to rotate the meter disk 95 bringing the cam 96 into engagement with the switch I94, causing this switch to move from the normal unactuated position engaging contact 242 (Fig. 2) into engagement with a contact 2420..

When the level in the brine tank has reached a predetermined upper point the liquid level control mechanism functions to operate high level switch I91 to close the circuit to solenoid I21 by way of conductor 245, switch I91, contact 242a of switch I94 and conductors 243 and 244 to open the valve H9 and supply pressure water to the actuator which functions to index the pilot shaft I55 and the pilot rotors back to the service position shown in Fig. PL-thereby completing the regeneration cycle of the softener. The cam 96 and the leaf spring of switch I9 are so set that the rotation of the disk 95 caused by the flow of'water through the operating valves while the valves are moving to the new positions is suflicient to cause the finger to release the switch. Although offset cams 91 and 99 are arrangedto close switches I93 and I 94, respectively, before the low and high level switches I99 and I91 are closed, cams 91 and 95 can be arranged so that the low and high level switches I98 and I91 will be closed before the cams close switches I93 and I94.

Means are provided for operating the pilots manually when desired, such as might be required in the case of a powerfailure or the like, which means also serves to reposition the disk 95 after th introduction of brine and at the end of the fast wash before starting of the service step. This includes a cam member 246 fixed on the shaft I55 having peripherally arranged cam faces 246aand 24517 (Figs. 3, 7 and 8). Positioned on the periphery of the disk 95 are adjustable holders 241 and 248'having pins 241a and 248a disposed inthe path of the cam faces 246a and 2461). The cam faces and the pins are so positioned that as the shaft I55 rotates to change the pilots to terminate the flow of brine to the softener tank, the cam race 246a engages the pin 241a. to move the disk forward to a definite position, and when the shaft I55. rotates to change the pilots to the service position the camiace 24Gb engages pin 248a to move the disk forward to a preselected starting position for the service run. This readjustment of the disk 95 servesto correct for inequalities in the amount of water passing through th meter during regeneration cycles of brining and fast wash, such as result, for example, from differences in pressure in the water mains or difierences in the rate of flow of brine which might re ult from variationsin the density of the salt bed in the brinetank. I

In 'order'to permit of manual operation of the pilots, a plurality of finger tabs 249 are provided on the cam member 246 equal in number to the positions of the pilots, each bearing letters or symbols as shown in Fig. 3 to identify the posttions occupied by the pilots. These tabs are employecl as indexing devices for manually rotating the shaft through the ratchet mechanism and for indicating to the operator the position of the valve mechanism during regeneration.

Attention is now directed to the structure of the brine valve 52 which is shown in detail in Fig. 20. This valve has a body portion 25I' similar to the valve of Fig. 19, a cap 252 disposed thereon with a diaphragm 253 interposed there between. A Casing 254 is positioned above and against the cap 252, the housing cap and body being secured together by cap screws 255 or the like. The valve has a stem 256 secured to the diaphragm 253 and carrying a valve disk 251 adapted to cooperate with the valve seat 58 to control communication between an inlet chamber259 and an outlet chamber 26I. The cap 252 has a chamber 262 and a channel 263 connects the chamber 262 with the outlet side of the valve. A second channel 264 connects the chamber with the interior of the casing 254. The body 25I has a guide 265 for the stem and the stem is also guided in a portion 266 of the cap. A compression spring 251 is disposed on the stem within the casing 254 and acts between the guide 266 and a shoulder 258 adjacent the upper end of the stem, the spring normally urging the stem to the open position of the valve. Disposed against the upper end of the casing 254 is a secondary valve body 259 having a chamber 21I connected to a source of fluid pressure by a tube 212. Disposed across the upper end of the secondary valve body 269 is a secondary diaphragm 213 and a cap 214 having a chamber 215 into which the tube 2I5 heretofore described communicates. The secondary diaphragm 213 carries a stem 216 which in turn carries a valve disk 211 positioned to seat against a valve seat 218 on the secondary valve body, the stem haVing a guide 219 passing through an opening in the secondary valve body and providing channels 28I which permit communication between the chamber 21I and the interior of the casing 254.

The tube 2I5 is connected to the port 2I4 of pilot I 12 as shown in Fig. 12 and the chamber 215 constitutes the pressure contro1 of the valve. The tube 212 is connected directly to the back side of fitting 54 (Fig. 1) so as to cause constant supply of the fluid to the chamber 21I and the tube 212 and channels 28I are of such size as to provide a substantially greater flow of fluid into the chamber 262 than can pass therethrough through the channel 263. It will thus be seen that when the pilot I12 is set to supply pressure fluid to'the chamber 215 the parts occupy the position shown in Fig. 20 and the member of the valve is unseated, under which circumstances pressure fluid is supplied to the interior of the casing 254 and to the chamber 262 to exert pressure on the diaphragm 253 and keep the valve member 251 seated. However, when the pilot shifts so as to bring the tube 2I5 in communication with drain, the pressure in the chamber 215 drops off and the pressure of the fluid in chamber 21I moves the secondary diaphragm 213 and the valve member 211 upward into contact with the seat 218 to close communication between the chamber 21I and the interior of the casing 254. This position of the pilot occurs during the interval in which water flows through injector valve 41, consequently producing a reduced pressure in the brine pipe and consequently in the chamber 26!. This causes flow of pressure fluid from the chamber 262 through channel 263, and when this pressure is reduced to a preselected point the diaphragm 253 moves upward under the action of the spring 26'! carrying the valve member 25! and opening communication between the valve chambers 259 and 26!, whereby brine is drawn through the valve from the down pipe 282 in the brine tank into the pipe 5!. When the pilot moves to a position to reestablish pressure in the chamber 215, the secondary valve member 21'! again moves away from its seat and pressure from the pipe 212 is communicated to the chamber 262 at a more rapid rate than the water can flow through the channel 263, thereby building up sufficient pressure to actuate the diaphragm 253 and close off communication between the chambers 259 and 26!.

The brine level control mechanism is shown in detail in Figs. 21 through 23, and this comprises .an upstanding arm 234 having a bracket 285 disposed thereon and overhanging the liquid in the tank. The bracket has a chamber 286 formed by cylindrical walls 28'! on the bracket, the chamber being covered by a closure plate 288 secured in place as by screws 289 and having a conduit connection 290 for attachment of conduit to carry the necessary wiring. Extending transversely of the chamber 288 is a shaft 29! journaled in the plate in a bearing 293. The outer surface of the plate has upstanding shoulders 294 bridged by a plate 295 which also carries a bearing 296 for support of the shaft 29!. The shaft has pinned thereto in the space between the shoulders 234 a lever 29'l having a forked end for the pivotal reception of a depending rod 298, the rod being of such length as to depend well into the liquid in the tank. The bracket 285 has 2. depending ear 299 upon which a bearing pin 39! is positioned and upon which a lever 392 is journaled intermediate its ends. One end of the lever has a fork 393 pivoted to the rod 298 and the opposite end of the lever is arranged for longitudinal adjustment of a weight 384 having a set screw 395 adapted to locate the weight on the lever so as to counterbalance the weight of the rod 298 and associated mechanism. Also attached to the lever is a yoke 396 having ears 39'! adapted to contact a pin 358 to act as a stop in determining the limit of rotation of the lever 302. Ihe rod 298 has spaced collar 399 and 3!! and carries the float 93 disposed between these collars, the float comprising a ball having a tubular bearing 3!2 disposed therethrough for the reception of the rod 298 so that the ball will float up and down on the rod 298 between the limits set by the collars 369 and 31 l. Thus as the level of the. liquid in the tank 13 falls, the float 63 will drop with respect to the rod 298 until it strikes against collar 3!! and with continued lowering of the level the float and the rod will be carried down to actuate the switch mechanism. Likewise when the level of liquid in the tank rises, the float will move up on the rod 298 until it engages the collar 339, and thereafter the float will move the rod 288 upwardly to actuate the switch mechanism in the opposite direction. As shown in Fig. 23 the switches 59'! and I93 are positioned on the inner face of the plate 288 in opposed relationship and the shaft 29! carries an arm 3!3 having a pin 3M therein. Upon longitudinal movement of the rod 298 it will be seen that the shaft 29! is rotated so that as the rod 298 moves upwardly as heretofore described, the pin SM is brought into contact with the leaf of switch l0! causing the closing of this switch as shown in Fig. 2. On the other hand, when the rod 298 is moved downwardly by action of the float, the pin 3!4 is brought out of contact with the leaf of switch I9! permitting this switch to open and ultimately into contact with the leaf of switch 18, causing this switch to be closed. In order to avoid excessive freedom of movement a compression spring 3l5 is provided between a washer 292 on the shaft 29! and the lever 3!3 to provide a drag on the rotation of the shaft 29!. The weight 304 can be adjusted to counterbalance the rod 298 so as to give a greater sensitivity than would otherwise be possible.

In Fig. 24 I have shown a modified form of actuating mechanism for causing the operation of the ratchet mechanism. In this embodiment the lower end of the ratchet arm !56 is pivotally connected to a lever 32! which is in turn pivotally connected to a disk 322 by a crank pin 323 eccentric on the disk, the disk and lever forming a crank such that when the disk is rotated through 360 the ratchet arm !56 is carried through a complete reciprocation; The disk 322 is carried on a shaft 324 projecting from the housing 325 of a program switch motor mechanism 326 such as that manufactured by the Barber-Colman Company of Rockford, Illinois.

The program switch is placed in the circuit of the control mechanism in the manner shown in Fig. 26 wherein the numeral 32'! designates the motor of the program switch, the switch having switch operating cams 328 and 329 disposed on the shaft 324 or its equivalent, the surfaces of the cams being so arranged that one of the switches 33! and 332 is made before the other opens. In this instance a double throw switch 333 is substituted for the single throw switch !02 of Figs. 2 and 3. As shown in Fig. 26, the parts are shown in the position occupied thereby when the disk 95 of Fig. 3 is in the position shown in this figure and just prior to release of the switch I84. When the cam 96 releases the switch I04, the switch moves into contact with'contact 242 completing a circuit to the motor 32! through conductor 231, switch 333 and contact 334 thereof, switch !03 and contact 239 thereof, switch !04 and contact 242 thereof, switch 332 and a conductor 335 to the motor, thence through conductor 336 to the power supply. The motor 327 will operate until the switch 332 is opened by action of the cam 329. Just prior to opening of the switch 332, the switch 33! wil1 close by operation of cam 328 but since the circuit in which this switch is disposed is open, the motor will stop when the cams have been turned 180 completing the regeneration cycle of the softener. When the meter disk has moved, during service operation of the softener, a sufficient distance to bring the finger !9! into contact with the switch 333, the regeneration cycle will be started, the switch 333 being moved to close circuit between conductor 23'! and contact 33! of switch 333, current flowing through conductor 338 to switch 33! which is now closed, thence through conductor 335 to motor 32'! and by way of conductor 336 to the source of power. Thereupon the motor will rotate shaft 324 through or until switch 33! is opened by action of cam 328. This operation also serves to close switch 332 and to index the pilots to the backwash position. While water flows through the softener during. the

. the meter disk 35.

l7 backwash step of the regeneration cycle, the meter disk 33 continues to rotate and when the cam E35 releases the switch 333, this switch returns to the position shown in Fig. 26 thereupon energizing the motor 321 by way of circuit through conductor 231, switch 333 and contact 334, switch I 33 and contact 239, switch I04 and contact 242, switch 332, conductor 333 and conductor 336, whereupon the motor operates to drive the shaft 324 through 180 and move the ratchet from the position shown in Fig. 24 to a position to engage the next succeeding notch in the ratchet disk 153, which operation serves to open switch 332 and close switch 33%. When suflicient water has flowed through the meter to accomplish the backwash operation as determined by setting of the cam 33 this cam operates to actuate the switch 333 again completing circuit to the motor 321 by way of conductor 231, switch 333 and contact 331, conductor 338, switch 33! and conductors 333 and 333 causing the motor to drive the shaft 324 through 180 and move the ratchet to the position shown in Fig. 24, again opening the switch 331 and closing the switch 332. This moves the pilots tostart the brine injection step and as water flows through the meter to the softener, the meter disk 95 is turned until the cam 33 releases switch 333, whereupon the ratchet is repositioned by a further energization of the motor 321 through circuit comprising conductor 231, switch 333 and contact 334, switch I93 and contact 239, switch I04 and contact 242, switch 332 andconductors 33:3 and 333, this operation opening switch 332 and closing switch 33!. the meter disk 95 during the brine injection step brings the cam 91 into engagement. with switch I33, moving this switch to establish circuit through contact 233a, and when sufficient reagent is Withdrawn from the brine tank as indicated by the liquid level control, the switch I33 is closed, rcenergizing the motor 321 by way of conductor 231, switch 333 and contact 334, switch I33 and contact 2390:, switch I38, conductor 336a, switch 33I and conductors 335 and 333, the motor turning through 180 to bring the ratchet to the position of Fig. 24, open the switch 33! and close the switch 332. This operation also moves the pilots to rearrange the valves to terminate the flow of reagent and water continues to flow to the softener rotating When the cam 31 releases the switch 533, the motor is again energized to rotate the shaft 334 and reposition the ratchet, this energization occurring through a circuit including conductor 231, switch 333 and contact 334-, switch I33 and contact 239, switch I04 and contact 242, switch 333 and conductors 335 and 336, this operation also again opening switch 332 and closing switch 33L Water continues to flow through the softener during the rinse step, rotating the meter disk 95, and whenth'e cam 98 acts on the switch 333 to close circuit to contact 331, the motor 321 is again energized. to index the pilots to reset the valves to the fast rinse position, the motor being energized through conductor 231, switch 333 and contact 331, conductor 333, switch 33!, and conductors 335 and 338. This brings the ratchet to the position shown in Fig. 24 and the switches332 Continued rotation of 3 switch 333 and contact 334, switch I33 and con-.- tact 239, switch I04 and contact 242, switch 332 and conductors 335 and 333-thus repositioning the ratchet. As the meter disk 35 rotates in response to flowof water during thefast rinse step, the cam 36 engages the switch I34 bringing the same into contact with contact 242a. The circuit is, however, open at switch 31 so that the motor is not again energized until the reagent tank is refilled as indicated by the liquid level control which thereupon functions to close the switch I01. Closing of this switch. reenergizes the motor, 321 by way of conductor 231, switch 333 and contact 334, switch I03 and contact 233, switch I04 and contact 2420:, switch I31, conductor 233a, switch 33I and conductors 335 and 333, the motor driving the shaft 324 to bring the ratchet into the position of Fig. 24, the switches 332 and 33I into the position of Fig. 26, and to "bring the pilots to a position to reenergize the valves and shift the same to the service combination. As previously pointed out, the flow of water through the meterv during the start of the service run causes rotation of the disk 35, and when the cam 96 releases switch I34, the ratchetand the cams 323 and 32 3 are repositioned. It will be seen that this arrangement may be substituted for the actuator I09 and the solenoid valve I II) to drive the ratchet mechanism through its cycle, the motor 321, being substituted for the solenoid E21 in the circuit. of Fig. 2.

A still further modifiedform of the actuating mechanism is shown in Fig, 25 in which the ratchet lever I56 has a laterally disposed'arm 34I, a spring 342 having one end attached to the free end of the arm 34I andthe other connected to the frame structure 9| so as'to normally urge the ratchet arm I56 in a counterclockwise direction. Disposed on and projecting from the side of the ratchet arm I33 is a pin 343 adapted for engagement by the end of a bar 344 attached to the armature 345 of a solenoid 346 supported on the frame structure 3|. .An adjustable stop screw 341 is positioned on the frame structure to limit the return movement of the solenoid armature. The solenoid 34$.is adapted for substitution for the solenoid I21in the circuit of Fig. 2 so that when the solenoid 34B is energized the armature moves upward, bringing the bar 344 into contact with the projection 343 thereby causing rotation of the ratchet arm I36 to the position shown in Fig. 25. Upon deenergization of the solenoid the armature 343 drops down against the stop 341 retracting the bar 344, and the ratchet arm I53 is"returned in a counterclockwise direction by action of the spring 342. I

In many large industrial water treatment installations means are provided for storing relatively large quantities of salt, the brine in the tank B being replenished after each regeneration.

- In order to render such installations fully autoand 33i to the position shown in Fig. 26. 'As the meterdisk continues to rotate, the cam 93 releases switch 333 causing the motor 321' toopera'te and the ratchet to be repositioned, the motor being-energized through conductor 231,

The conduit 35I has disposedtherein a flow regmatic, it is necessary to effect control over'the replenishing of the brine, and in Figs. 2'1 and 28 I have shown the manner in which my control mechanism may be extended to accomplish this purpose where specifically different types of brine replenishing mechanisms are employed.

In Fig. 27 I have shown a construction in which the brine is pumped from a salt storage tank into the brine tank B. In this construction the letter C indicates the salt storage tank into which a pipe or conduit 33! is disposed so that brine may be drawn from adjacent the bottom of the tank.

ulating valve 352 for the purpose of restricting or regulating the rate of flow through the conduit, and likewise has a check valve 353 for preventing return flow in the conduit. The conduit 35! is connected to a pump 354 driven by an electric motor 355, the outlet of the pump having a conduit 356 disposed to discharge into the brine tank B. For the purpose of controlling the motor 355 so as to cause the pump to start and stop at the required time, a pressure switch 351, of conventional design, is employed, this pressure switch being connected to the tube 222 of pilot H2, this being the same tube which is connected to the fast wash valve 55.

It will be seen that this mechanism serves substantially the same function as the brine refill valve 59, the conduit 58 and the fiow regulating valve BI, and thus where the brine tank B is to be refilled from a salt storage tank the latterelements may be replaced by the mechanism shown in Fig. 27.

In Fig. 28 I have shown a still further structure by Which the brine tank may be refilled from a salt storage tank. the salt storage tank in this instance being indicated by the letter D. Water is supplied to the salt stOrage tank from a water supply pipe 36l which delivers into a chamber 362 disposed on the side of the salt storage tank adjacent the top thereof. The flow of water into the tank is controlled by a conventional float valve indicated by the numeral 363 the valve be ing o en when the float 364 thereof reaches a preselected lower position and closed when the float returns to its elevated position in response to change in level of the liquid in the salt storage tank. The salt storage tank is connected to the brine tank B by means of a conduit 365 in which is pos tioned a flow re ulating valve 363 similar in structure and function to valve SI of Figure 1. There is also disposed in the pipe 365 a hydraulically operated valve 361 which is a valve of the ty e well known in the art, the valve being hydraulically closed and spring o ened. The valve 351 is connected to the tube 222 leading to the pilot I12 so that the valve 361 is actuated by the hydraulic pressure therein to be opened duri g the interval in which the fast wash valve 55 is open. and when the fast wash valve is closed, the spring o erates to close the valve 361. Thus the mechanism of Fig. 28 is substituted for the brine valve 59. the pipe 58 and the flow regulating valve 6| where it is desired to refill the brine tankB from a salt storage tank. The flow regulating valves 352 of Fig. 2'7 and 366 of Fig. 28 serve to adjust the rate of flow of brine to the tank 13 to cause the tank to reach its refilled condition when the required amount of washing has been accomplished through the fast wash Valve 55. In other words, these valves permit control over the timing of the fast wash step.

I claim:

1. The combination in an automatic water treating apparatus having a water treating tank, piping connected to both ends of said treating tank, a water supply pipe, a service pipe, a waste pipe connected to said piping, a plurality of power operated valves located in said pipes and piping, of control means comprising a meter located in said water supply pipe, a disk rotated by said meter as water flows therethrough, a plurality of flat and offset cams on said disk, an electric circuit, a plurality of electrical switches arranged in said circuit and positioned to be actuated by said cams, and means for operating said valves controlled by said switches.

2. The combination in an automatic water treating apparatus having a water treating tank, piping connected to both ends of said treating tank, a water supply pipe, a service pipe, a waste pipe connected to said piping, a plurality of power operated valves located in said pipes and piping, of control means comprising a meter located in said water supply pipe, a disk rotated by said meter as water flows therethrough, a plurality of flat and offset cams disposed around the periphery of said disk, an electric circuit, a plurality of electrical switches arranged in said circuit and positioned to be actuated by said cams, means arranged for opening and closing said valves controlled by said switches, and means for individually adjusting the position of each of said cams on said disk to vary the point of actuation of said switches and the consequent operation of said valves.

3. The combination in an automatic water treating apparatus having a water treating tank, piping connected to both ends of said treating tank, a water supply pipe, a service pipe, and a waste pipe connected to said piping, a plurality of power operated valves located in said pipes and piping, control means including a fluid meter located in said water supply pipe, a meter clock driven by said meter as fluid flows therethrough through a set of primary change gears, a disk driven by said meter clock through a set of secondary change gears, a plurality of individual adjustable cams on said disk, an electric circuit, a plurality of electrical switches arranged in said circuit and positioned to be actuated by said cams, and means for operating said valves controlled by said switches.

4. The combination in an automatic water treating apparatus having a water treating tank, piping connected to both ends of said treating tank, a water supply pipe, a service pipe, and a waste pipe connected to said piping, a plurality of power operated valves located in said pipes and piping, control means including a water meter located in said water supply pipe, a disk rotated by said meter as water flows therethrough, a plurality of individual flat and offset cams on said disk, an electric circuit, a plurality of electrical switches arranged in said circuit and positioned to be actuated by said cams, one of said cams actuating one of said switches three times, other of said cams operating the other of said switches one time each, and means for operating said valves controlled by said switches.

5. The combination in an automatic Water treating apparatus having a water treating tank, a water supply pipe, a service pipe, and a waste pipe connected to both ends of said treating tank,

a plurality of pressure operated valves located in said pipes and piping, of control means comprising two pilot valves, said pilot valves having a water supply under pressure from said water supply pipe and a waste outlet, and having a rotatable shaft for driving the same to successive positions to control said pressure operated valves from a service position, through regeneration positions, and back to the service position, means for indexing said shaft, a water meter located in said water supply pipe, a disk carrying cams driven by said meter as Water flows therethrough, an electric circuit, a plurality of electrical switches arranged in said circuit and disposed in the paths of said cams for energizing said indexing means upon the closing of said switches to 

